Find out about our Take epilepsy action campaign, and how you can get involved in raising awareness of different kinds of seizures and first aid. You can also download this video.
- Tonic-Clonic seizures
- Seizures involving altered consciousness or behaviour
- First aid in other languages
Tonic-Clonic seizures
The person goes stiff, loses consciousness and then falls to the ground. This is followed by jerking movements. A blue tinge around the mouth is likely. This is due to irregular breathing. Loss of bladder and/or bowel control may happen. After a minute or two the jerking movements should stop and consciousness may slowly return.
Do...
- Protect the person from injury - (remove harmful objects from nearby)
- Cushion their head
- Look for an epilepsy identity card or identity jewellery
- Aid breathing by gently placing them in the recovery position once the seizure has finished (see pictures)
- Stay with the person until recovery is complete
- Be calmly reassuring

Don't...
- Restrain the person’s movements
- Put anything in the person’s mouth
- Try to move them unless they are in danger
- Give them anything to eat or drink until they are fully recovered
- Attempt to bring them round
Call for an ambulance if...
- You know it is the person’s first seizure, or
- The seizure continues for more than five minutes, or
- One tonic-clonic seizure follows another without the person regaining consciousness between seizures, or
- The person is injured during the seizure, or
- You believe the person needs urgent medical attention
Focal (partial) seizures
Sometimes the person is not aware of their surroundings or what they are doing. They may pluck at their clothes, smack their lips, swallow repeatedly, and wander around.
Do...
- Guide the person from danger
- Stay with the person until recovery is complete
- Be calmly reassuring
- Explain anything that they may have missed
Don't...
- Restrain the person
- Act in a way that could frighten them, such as making abrupt movements or shouting at them
- Assume the person is aware of what is happening, or what has happened
- Give the person anything to eat or drink until they are fully recovered
- Attempt to bring them round
Call for an ambulance if...
- You know it is the person's first seizure
- The seizure continues for more than five minutes
- The person is injured during the seizure
- You believe the person needs urgent medical attention
First aid in other languages
| PDF First aid for seizures: | Available in: |
| For me Please cushion my head etc |
|
|
For someone |
French German Spanish |
For an English version with illustrations of the recovery position download the printer friendly version at the top of this page.
For first aid posters for tonic-clonic seizures and for complex partial seizures, download the pdf at the top of this page.
We can provide references and information on the source material we use to write our epilepsy advice and information pages. Please contact our Epilepsy Helpline by email at helpline@epilepsy.org.uk.
This information has been produced under the terms of The Information Standard.
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Updated July 2011To be reviewed July 2013

Comments: read the 15 comments or add yours
Comments
Hello,
My 25-year-old sister is epileptic. She has been having seizures since middle school, so her having a seizure is nothing abnormal for me to hear about. Every time she has had one, my mom (an RN) has been there to take care of her. Recently, I was actually in the room without my mom when she had one. Honestly, and I am not trying to offend anybody, it was a very frightening event to witness. The act itself was very abnormal, but I was afraid she was never going to start breathing again. I didn't know if she'd ever wake up or if she had permanent brain damage. Immediately after the actual seizing stopped, we put her on her side and she started doing something that was similar to snoring loudly for about a minute. She was spitting a little (almost like foaming at the mouth), but still was not conscious. Is this normal?
Also, her biggest issue is she always bites her tongue up pretty badly. Is there anything I can do to prevent that? I have heard to stick a pillow or a wallet (but NOT your fingers!) right between her teeth but this website is saying not to do that.
And some advice: whenever my sister is about to have a seizure (about a minute beforehand), she will look around and act really confused. Also, I find it really important to follow the advice about not screaming at the person and allowing them to slowly regain his/her bearings. We had to tell my sister 5 or 6 times calmly that she had a seizure. The person may feel embarrassed or scared, so just be comforting and sensitive.
please need advice on my own experience of seizures i get really aggressive and lash out on those who care the most for me . i hate when i come around and hear what i done any one out there
experience same seizures ?
Please take this seriously:
We have a dog that suffers from epilepsy.
His attack lasts about 5-7 minutes.
You say do not restrain the victim's movements!!
Our dog tries to jump over invisible obstacles. At first his back is arched and after he falls over he struggles to his feet and springs about all over the place, so in order to prevent him injuring himself I have to hold him down.
He only weighs ten Kilos, but he's quite strong, the last time this happened I slipped a disc and damaged a nerve. It still tickles.
So, any advice?
Thank you for your time.
William, Dog lover.
Hi William,
I'm afraid we only have information about people with epilepsy. You might find some useful information from Canine Epilepsy though.
Hope this helps
Andy
Epilepsy Action
hello.. my name is arnessa from maryland and i want to share my experience here how my twins got cured of epilepsy.since i gave birth to my set of twins(they are 9 years old now)they were diagnosed with epilepsy..it started with just regular seizures but got very worse till they were about 4.they could have sever seizures up to 5times daily and it gave me cause to cry and all the embarrasment i had to go through.. my husband even left me at that time and then my world was falling apart..tried for a solution medically but it didnt work and the cost of maintaining two of them was very high..went on like that for another 2 years so i had to take them to a special school where they got better attention when i was not there.. the problem was just too much for me alone..so someone told me about getting a cure spiritually through a spiritualist who used herbs and shrubs and special prayers..i never beleived in those things but i didnt have an option so i tried this man out..and within one month i started seeing changes, i still didnt believe it...and after 3 months,there was no seizure anymore.. they are 9years old and have not had any seizures since then, they are healthy and happy..and i am just so grateful, i can imagine what you are going through out there and all the embarrassment, medical exenses,email me on arnessa.stone at yahoo dot com for more details..dont give up ok?it worked for me and a lot of people iv introduced this man to accross the world..
My 24yr old son had his 1st seizure whilst driving through a set of traffic lights and was admitted to hospital and discharged the next day followed by an mri 4wks later, 3 wks after this he underwent an EEG and 3days later he had a tonic clonic seisure whilst sat in my car as a passenger whist parked up, i called out to someone to call for an ambulance whilst i rolled him onto his side with seat reclined and i spoke to him calmly and rubbed his upper back in circular motion which seemed to bring his breathing in to sync and he started regaining normal colour to his mouth and started to come to his senses after 4-5 mins by which time the ambulance arrived and took him to hospital,when i arrived shortly after them he was fully alert and said he were fine then went into another which lasted 5 mins but didnt come round for an hour,he gets an aura and can tell you he is tripping out which lasts around 20 seconds before he goes rigid then violent shaking. He is now on medication and making the lifechanges necessary to stay safe and hopefully prevent having seizures. Would appreciate any advice or feedback, as i have flashbacks of his seizures when he not with me which un-nerves me! Andy
Hi Andy
You seem to have dealt with your son’s seizure very well. But, I know what you mean, it can be unnerving dealing with a seizure for the first time and then the worry of it happening again. The feeling of, ‘have I done the right thing’ is also worrying. Well, from the information you gave us, I think you did everything you could.
While no one can say that your son won’t have another seizure, now he is taking epilepsy medicine it does lessen the risk of further seizures. We have some information on treatment of epilepsy that you might find helpful to read through. I hope the information about first aid for seizures on our website has helped. Besides giving a guide to first aid for seizures, it shows a video of a passer by giving someone first aid after a tonic-clonic seizure.
Advice and Information Team
Hi,
am looking for some advice, My brother is in his 30s and lives alone, he has had severe sleeping seizures since he was about 6, he no longer has seizures when awake, unless he is ill or run down, but his sleeping seizures are so severe that he will catapult himself from the bed to the other side of the room on some occassions!! but generally just thrashes around. theese seizures seem to be increasing and he now can have 9 or10 a night. His bed is a metal framed bed and he realises that he would be bette off in another sort of bed, but is not in a position to buy one. is there anywhere we can apply for funding? or would it be possible to get an OT to come and have a look and maybe make some suggestions as regards some sort of medical bed?
The only reason I ask is that he is waking up pretty much every morning covered in large lumps, cuts and bruises, and I am worried that one night he is going to cause himself some serious damage,
thanks in anticipation.
Hi
I’m really sorry to hear about the problems your brother is having. I would strongly suggest getting an assessment from an OT. You can do this through your local Adult Services call centre. They should be able to help.
If they don’t, you could contact the Disabled Living Foundation for information on different equipment available. Their phone number is 0845 130 9177.
For funding you could contact Turn2us. Their phone number is 0808 802 2000 They have lists of grant making bodies and would do a search for you.
Meanwhile, how about suggesting he puts his mattress on the floor? And if possible move furniture out the way or at least pad it?
I do really hope you and your brother get some help with this before he has any more injuries.
Cherry
Advice and Information Team
Hi,
My dad's 50 and has suffered from seizures since he was 17 and has had all the tests known and doctors could not explain why he has them?
Hi
It's not unusual that doctors can't say why someone has epilepsy. All the tests can come back perfectly clear, but it doesn't mean someone doesn't have epilepsy - as is the case for your dad.
Shelley
Advice and Information Team
Having read the comments it is clear that all that we all need is to be aware. I totally agree with the information video because I have seen the "headless chickens" embracing their mobile phones and needlessly panicking,,,,,,, I am new to this having "acquired" a very beautiful young lady of 50 with epilepsy but it is great to know that there are lots of people who know, who care, and who support,,, so thank you to all who give so much......
Andrew
thank you for the video. I have done first aid training for seizures, because my daughter occasionally suffers from them, but I hadn't actually seen her have one before because she is in residential care and has been with them when it has happened before. She has just had a seizure while with me, and while I know what to do, when it actually happened I felt really scared and worried that I would miss something. I know I haven't now, which is a relief.
Beforehand, she was making funny sounds, different to normal, but I didn't know it was part of the build up. Then she had a full tonic clonic seizure which lasted for a couple of minutes. She was rigid and sat up, so I put a cushion next to her head, which was close to the wall, so she wouldn't bang her head, then I stroked her face and spoke calmly to her until it passed. Her face and lips went grey for a while and she was a little bit sick, which fortunately came out of her mouth so she didn't choke. She went into quite a deep sleep immediately afterwards, but woke up after about 20 minutes. She's ok now but I'm keeping a close eye on her, she's just a bit pale and tired looking.
Your video has reassured me that I did ok and couldn't have done anything differently, so thank you.
hi there i am epilepsy i been ok for a while now,but today i was going down stair to go for a swim and i felt so drunk like i had 10 pints i stood in the water ofr about a min i could not good not where as i felt that bad,a lifted myself up and i lifeguard come to me and she ask me if i was ok and i said to her i feel if i am drunk she said my words were all over the place and i was repeating things and when i stood up my legs went from underneath me,becasue i felt that drunk,they took me upstair to the rest room about 2 hours later i felt totaly better like nothing was wrong with me,do you think it could be something to do with my epilepsy.
Hi Tracey, that must have been a scary experience for you. It could be something to do with your epilepsy. Even if it wasn't, it would be a good idea to speak to your doctor or epilepsy nurse. They could look into what happened. They may also want to review your epilepsy to check that everything is ok.
Vicky
Advice and information Team